Permissions: Any Data Central user may create, save, and edit visualizations privately for personal use. Saving a visualization as public or editing an existing public visualization requires the Data Central Designer privilege.

A Pivot Table summarizes and organizes datasets by grouping and aggregating data across selected categories. In a standard table, each row represents a single record and each column contains specific details.

In a Pivot Table, rows and columns group data by categories, such as ethnicity, gender, and causality, while values summarize the data instead of listing individual records. Pivot Tables support calculations such as counts, sums, and averages to present data in a structured format.

Create a Pivot Table

1. From Visualizations in the left navigation, click the New Visualization (+) icon.

   

2. Click Pivot Table to open the Pivot Table Designer window.

3. In the Fields section, click the arrows, Data Store names, or Domain names to expand the data. Use the Search feature or scroll down to view all available domains and fields.

   

Tip: Search also supports dot notation, e.g. DataStore.Domain.Field. After entering text, an X icon displays in the Search field. Click the icon to clear the search and reset the field list to its unfiltered state.

Note: System Tables contain operational data that can be used in visualizations. While non-eCS users cannot create visualizations on these tables themselves, they can request that visualizations be built on their behalf through their eClinical Solutions Project Manager, Customer Success Manager, Implementation Consultant, or Tech Services representative. Once created, any user with access to the visualization can view and use it.

Tables available for request include:

Issue - Tracks issues raised during data review.
Protocol Deviation - Stores protocol deviation records with details.
Protocol Deviation Comments - Stores comments on protocol deviations.
Query - Stores queries to sites.
Review Cycle Status - Tracks review cycle progress.
Review Objectives - Defines goals for data review processes.
Review Objectives Domains and Fields - Links objectives to specific domains and fields.
Review Objectives Review Materials - Associates roles responsible for review tasks.
Review Objectives Reviewer Roles - Assigns roles responsible for review tasks and risks.
Review Objectives Risks - Identifies risks linked to review objectives.
Review Status Metrics by Domain and Role - Measures review progress by domain and role.
Review Status Metrics by Domain and Role and Subject - Tracks review completion per subject, domain, and role.
Subject - Contains subject identifiers and demographics.

Define Columns

Important: Users can add multiple fields from any domain in the same data store across the Columns, Rows, Values, and Filters sections. The combined total cannot exceed six fields or five domains.

1. Select one or more fields that follow a logical hierarchy and drag them into the Columns section. Place the top-level field first, followed by related subgroup fields in the appropriate order. The preview updates automatically.
   By default, the first field added to the Columns section is also added to the Values section with a Count aggregation. For more information, see the Define Values section.

   Tip: Avoid free-text fields, unique identifiers, or fields with many distinct values that could create too many columns.

2. Additional columns divide the groups into subgroups.

    

Define Rows

While columns arrange data horizontally, rows organize data vertically by grouping records into categories. Use fields that naturally categorize data and support drill-down when multiple levels are added.

1. Select a field that groups records and drag it into the Rows section.

2. The Pivot Table refreshes, with each row displaying a value from the selected field.

   

3. To support drill-down, add two or more hierarchical fields to the Rows section. Place the higher-level field first, followed by related subgroup fields in the appropriate order.

Define Values

1. The first field added to the Columns section is also added to the Values section with a Count aggregate. Click the 3-dot icon next to the field name to open the configuration popout.

   

2. Select an aggregate from the Aggregate drop-down:
   • Count of Subjects
   • Count Distinct
   • Count (default)
   • Sum
   • Average
   • Minimum
   • Maximum
   • Standard Deviation
   • Variance
3. Select a calculation from the Calculation drop-down:
   • No Calculation (default)
   • % of Grand Total
   • % of Column Total
   • % of Row Total
4. Update the Label if needed. By default, the label displays the selected aggregate and field. To restore the original value, click the Revert icon.
5. Verify the settings and click OK.

6. To add another value, drag an appropriate field into the Values section. Select the Aggregate and Calculation for the field.

   

7. Click OK. The Pivot Table refreshes.

Apply Filters to Columns and Rows

1. Click the Filter icon to the right of the field name to open the popout list.

2. The multi-select list displays the unique values in the field. Select one or more values or click Select All.

   

3. Click OK. The Pivot Table opens filtered by the selected values.

Note: Column and row filters are static and do not support Dynamic Filters.

Apply Filters to a Value

1. Click the Filter icon to the right of the selected field to open the popout. 
   
2. Use the default setting, Include Selections, or change to Exclude Selections.
3. Click Filter Field to open the list and select the field to filter by.
4. Click Operator to open the list and select =, <, >, Null or Empty, or Between. 
5. Click Filter Value(s) to open the list and select the values to filter by.
6. Click OK. The Pivot Table opens filtered by the selected values, and the filter icon becomes shaded.

Tip: Click in the whitespace to close the popout if the OK button is not visible.

Note: To filter out Null values for columns, rows, values, or the entire Pivot Table, select Exclude Selections and choose the field to filter. Select the Null or Empty operator and click OK.

The Dynamic Filter option is not available for the Null or Empty operator.

Apply Dynamic Filters

Dynamic Filters let users select predefined values from a popout menu at the top of the published Pivot Table. Users can select one or more values from the popout menu to immediately update the Pivot Table with the selected filter values.

Value-level and Pivot Table-level filters can be configured as dynamic.

1. Turn on Dynamic Filters by clicking the toggle switch.
   

2. Click Optional Default Filter Value(s) and select the default values for the published Pivot Table. The list displays values defined in the original filter before it is converted to a dynamic filter. When the Pivot Table opens, it is filtered using the selected defaults.

   If Select All is checked, the Pivot Table opens unfiltered, allowing viewers to choose values in the dynamic filter. The Pivot Table updates as selections change.

   

   If no default values are configured, the Pivot Table opens filtered by the first value in the list.

3. The Label field displays the default field name. Enter a user-friendly label if needed. To restore the original value, click the Revert icon.
   
4. Click OK. 

Tip: To collapse or expand each section (Columns, Rows, Values, Filters), click the down and up arrows. Click the box icon to view only one section and collapse all other sections.

Apply Pivot Table Filters

Filters applied in this section affect the entire visualization and are not limited to a single domain like filters applied to columns, rows, and values.

1. From the Fields section, select a field to filter the entire Pivot Table and drag it into the Filters section. A popout opens.
2. Use the default setting, Include Selections, or change to Exclude Selections.
3. Click Operator to open the list and select =, <, >, Null or Empty, or Between.

4. Click Filter Value(s) to open the list and select the values to filter by.

   

5. Click OK. The Pivot Table opens filtered by the selected values. Up to 25 filters may be added.
6. To apply Dynamic Filters to the Pivot Table, refer to the Apply Dynamic Filters section.

Note: Each Dynamic Filter, whether defined at the value level or Pivot Table level, appears as a popout menu at the top of the published Pivot Table. Users can select one or more values, and hovering over a filter displays a tooltip with the current selections.

Reorder and Remove Fields 

Fields can be reordered or removed from any section in the designer window.

• Reorder Fields: Click and hold the 6-dot icon next to a field and drag it above or below another field.
• Remove Fields: Click the X icon at the right of a field to remove it.

Add a Note

Enter text in the Notes text box above the preview in the Pivot Table Designer. In the published Pivot Table, hover over the Notes icon to view the note.

Export and Import Pivot Table Configuration

After creating or editing a Pivot Table, the configuration can be exported directly from the designer. This allows users to replicate Pivot Tables across different environments without recreating them manually.

Export a Pivot Table Configuration

Click the Export icon in the upper right corner of the designer window to download the configuration file.

Import a Pivot Table Configuration

1. Click the New Visualization (+) icon and select Pivot Table. 
2. After the designer window opens, click the Import icon in the upper right corner.
3. In the popout, upload the configuration file.

Note: Users with the Data Central privilege can export and import their own Pivot Table configurations. Users with the Data Central Designer privilege can also export and import Pivot Table configurations created by other users.

Create Chart from Pivot Table

Create a chart from a Pivot Table by clicking the Create Chart icon in the toolbar. Select one of the following options: Create Combo Chart, Create Scatter Chart, or Show / Hide Inline Synchronized Chart.

After the chart is created, it appears in the Data Central left navigation directly below the Pivot Table name and displays in italics.

Toolbar Icons and Actions

Pivot Tables include a toolbar with functionality that differs from other visualizations and listings in Data Central. Available icons vary depending on whether the Pivot Table is open in the designer or published. The following icons are available for a Pivot Table.

Icon	Icon Name	Description
	Edit*	Click to open the designer window.
	Add Filter*	Click to open a popout and apply a Runtime Visualization Filter to the visualization. The filter displays in the Local section of the Filter Panel. When a filter is active, the icon is shaded blue and changes to Edit Filter.
	3-dot*	Click to open a popout menu with additional visualization options.
	Applied Filters	Click to view filters applied to the Pivot Table.
	Show / Hide Totals	Click to select which totals display in the Pivot Table. Options include Hide Row Totals, Hide Column Totals, and Population Totals. Under Population Totals, select one of the following: Hide population totals Show population total from XX (domain name) table Show population totals for matching records from XX (domain name) table(s) Population Totals is available only when more than one domain is added.
	Transpose Rows and Columns**	Click to flip rows and columns.
	Show / Hide Labels	Click to show or hide row and column labels.
	Truncate	Click to toggle between wrapping text to display more columns and truncating text to one line.
	Create Chart	Click to create a Combo or Scatter chart based on the Pivot Table data.
	Notes*	Click to view Notes added in the Pivot Table Designer.
	Export*	Click to export the Pivot Table to an Excel file. The file includes the data and metadata, such as data stores, domains, applied filters, and the export timestamp.
	Expand / Collapse	Click to expand or collapse all rows and columns.
	Dock Item*	Click to dock the visualization to the sheet.
	Maximize*	Click to maximize the visualization.
	Restore*	Click to restore the visualization to its previous size.
	Close*	Click to close the visualization.

* Available in published table only 
** Available in designer only

Note: A blue icon indicates that the option is active. A gray icon indicates that the option is inactive.

Save and Save As 

When creating a Pivot Table, only the Save button displays in the bottom right corner. After the Pivot Table is saved, both Save and Save As display.

The Save Pivot Table window opens when Save is clicked for the first time or when Save As is clicked.

Tip: Click Save As to duplicate an existing Pivot Table with a different name or save a new version with different settings. Click Save to update the existing Pivot Table.

When the Save Pivot Table window opens, enter or edit the save options.

1. Enter the Name of the Pivot Table (maximum 100 characters).

2. Select the folder where the Pivot Table is to be saved.

   Note: Users with the Data Central Designer privilege can also add a new folder by hovering over an existing folder and clicking the add folder icon. To edit or delete existing folders, click the Actions icon in the master header and select Manage Objects.

3. Select the Public or Private radio button. Users with the Data Central privilege only see Private as an option. Public is also available to users with the Data Central Designer privilege.
4. Select the Roles. This option is available when saving a public visualization and is grayed out for a private visualization. Users with the selected roles can access the visualization.
5. Update the Scope. By default, the active study is selected. Use the drop-down lists for Therapeutic Areas, Compounds, Programs, or Studies to update the scope as needed.
6. Click Save to confirm the save settings or Cancel to discard the changes.

Edit a Pivot Table

A Pivot Table can be edited to update its data, columns, rows, values, filters, and note. Pivot Table settings in the Save Pivot Table window can also be updated, including the name, folder, visibility, roles, and scope.

Note: The Data Central Designer privilege is required to change a private Pivot Table to public.

Edit Content

1. Hover over the Pivot Table to edit.

2. Click the Edit icon. The Pivot Table Designer window opens.
   

   Note: Users may also click the Edit icon in the published Pivot Table's toolbar to open the designer.

3. Edit fields in the Columns, Rows, Values, or Filters sections as needed.
4. Edit the Note as needed.
5. Click Save to update the existing Pivot Table or Save As to save it as a new Pivot Table.

Edit Settings

1. Hover over the Pivot Table to edit the settings.
2. Click the Configure icon to open the Save Pivot Table window.
   
3. Update the settings as needed.
4. Click Save to confirm the changes or Cancel to discard them.

Delete a Pivot Table

Saved Pivot Tables, Visualizations, Workspaces, Filter Sets, and Advanced Filters are deleted from Manage Objects, available from the Actions icon in the master header. The Data Central Designer privilege is required to delete public items. All Data Central users can delete their own private items.

1. Click the Actions icon in the master header, then select Manage Objects. The Manage window opens.

2. Hover over the name of the item to delete.

   Tip: Hover over the icon to the left of the item name to view a tooltip that identifies the item type, such as Saved Workspace, Advanced Filter, Pivot Table, or a visualization type.

3. Click the Delete icon.
   
4. In the Delete Item confirmation window, click Delete to delete the item or Cancel to cancel the action.